Unicode and Punycode Domain Name Processing // High-performance Unicode and Punycode processing for internationalized domain names. The 'puny_encode()' / 'puny_decode()' helpers are a low- level, RFC 3492 compliant Punycode codec for domain labels (the 'xn--' ASCII-Compatible Encoding of RFC 5890/5891); they perform the raw transform plus letter-digit-hyphen checks and do not apply Unicode IDNA normalization. 'host_normalize()' is the Unicode Technical Standard #46 host-normalization entry point, mapping a host name to a canonical lowercase ASCII comparison form (non-transitional profile, pinned Unicode version). The 'url_encode()' / 'url_decode()' / 'parse_url()' helpers do best-effort host extraction and rewriting in URL- shaped strings and are deliberately not RFC 3986 / WHATWG URL parsers or canonicalizers; they are deprecated in favor of dedicated URL packages. Aimed at host normalization and data analysis workflows. Used as the Punycode and IDNA engine by the 'pslr' and 'rurl' packages.