Functions for Rare Events Analysis // Functions for detecting and analyzing rare events in data. Implements isolation forest (Liu et al., 2008, doi:10.1109/ICDM.2008.17) and clustering for anomaly detection in time series residuals. Decomposes time series using LOESS (Locally Estimated Scatterplot Smoothing) or STL (Seasonal-Trend decomposition using LOESS). Detects marine heatwaves and cold spells following Hobday et al. (2016) doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2015.12.014. Provides goodness-of-fit tests for quantile regression (Haupt et al., 2011, doi:10.1080/02664763.2011.573542), partial dependence with quantile random forests, MCC (Matthews Correlation Coefficient) computation and testing, knee-point detection via the Kneedle algorithm (Satopaa et al., 2011, doi:10.1109/ICDCSW.2011.20), and spatial point matching.